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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestih</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия гуманитарных наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Humanitarian Series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2524-2369</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-2377</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestih-150</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЛОСОФИЯ И СОЦИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHILOSOPHY AND SOCIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Переосмысление ада: теории второго шанса в современной англоамериканской философии религии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Rethinking of the hell: the second Chance theories in the modern English and Amerikan philosophy of religion</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузев</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzev</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">elquijote@ukr.net</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Приазовский государственный технический университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pryazovskyi state technical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>07</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>14</fpage><lpage>19</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кузев В.В., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кузев В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kuzev V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestihum.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/150">https://vestihum.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/150</self-uri><abstract><p>Проблема ада является философской проблемой, которая связана с теологической доктриной вечного наказания и представляет собой вариацию проблемы зла. За некоторыми исключениями, традиционная концепция ада преобладала в христианской мысли со времен раннего христианства и вплоть до XIX века. В целом, согласно этой доктрине после смерти души нераскаявшихся грешников попадают в ад, где они подвергаются наказанию вечным огнем. В статье приводятся возражения против традиционной модели ада и рассматриваются альтернативные теории. Особое внимание уделяется теории второго шанса и ее разновидностям (эскапизм). Показано, что согласно взглядам эскапистов (А. Бухарев, А. Плаг и др.) ад понимается как автономное место/состояние, которое Бог создает для тех, кто не желает общения с ним. Соответственно существо, находящееся в аду, может в любое время изменить свое состояние и присоединиться к сообществу спасенных. Автор анализирует, как данная теория соотносится с концепцией метафизической либертарианской свободы воли, которая признается сторонниками теодицеи свободной воли (Р. Суинберн, Э. Стамп). Автор приходит к выводу, что современные религиозно-философские рефлексии, развивающиеся в дискурсе гуманистической культуры, склонны к рациональному критицизму, который отбрасывает традиционную модель ада по причинам морального, психологического и логико-философского характера. Это порождает необходимость поиска новых теорий, призванных изменить или реинтерпретировать традиционную концепцию ада.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Problem of hell is a philosophical problem related to theological doctrine of eternal punishment. It is a variation of the problem of Evil. With a few exceptions, the traditional concept of hell has prevailed in Christian thought since the time of early Christianity and until the XIX century. In general, this doctrine of afterlife teaches that after death the souls of sinners fall into hell, where they punished by eternal fire. The article presents some objections to the traditional model of hell and considers a number of alternative theories. The particular attention has been paid to The Second Chance Theory and its varieties (escapism). Author of the article shows that such escapists as A. Buckareff, A. Plug and others understood the hell as an autonomous place or state, which God creates for those who do not want to communicate with him. Accordingly, the inhabitants of hell may at any time change their status and join the community of the saved. The author analyzes how this theory related to the concept of metaphysical libertarian free will, which admitted by the supporters of free will theodicy (R. Swinburne, E. Stump). The author concludes that current religious and philosophical reflection developing in the discourse of humanist culture tend to rational criticism, which rejects the traditional model of hell for reasons of moral, psychological, logical and philosophical nature. This creates a need for new theories, designed to amend or reinterpret the traditional concept of hell.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ад</kwd><kwd>проблема зла</kwd><kwd>христианство</kwd><kwd>спасение</kwd><kwd>hell</kwd><kwd>the problem of Evil</kwd><kwd>Christianity</kwd><kwd>salvation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Adams, M. Hell and the God of Justice / M. Adams // Religious Studies. - 1975. - 11(4). - P. 433-447.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Adams, M. Hell and the God of Justice / M. Adams // Religious Studies. - 1975. - 11(4). - P. 433-447.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baker, R. W. Issuant Views of Hell in Contemporary Anglo-American Theology / R.W. 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