Author of the article investigated the problem of youth participation in agriculture of Belarus in the Soviet period of the New Economic Policy. Younger generation was actively involved in the conduct of its undertakings. Komsomol acted as a main organizer of this work. In connection with the stratification of peasantry and demographic changes both boys and girls becoming more actively involved in the economic activities in rural areas. Steadily grew the number of young farmhands. The number of young farm workers gradually increased, too. Every year forms of participation in the economic life of the Komsomol village became more and more diverse. Since 1923, the rural Кomsomоl cells began the creation of agricultural circles, in which were involved thousands of boys and girls. In 1924-1925 years, regular mobilization of Komsomol got to work in the countryside. Both rural Komsomol and peasant youth interest to improve their financial situation by getting practical knowledge, necessary in the economy of knowledge, started to grow. However, economic activities of the Young Communist League in countryside conducted unplanned. It was not always adapted to the economic conditions of the regions. Best practices of Komsomol cells and individuals have been collected and disseminated poorly. In general, the organization of youth participation in agricultural production in the Byelorussian SSR remained far from ideal yet.