vestihИзвестия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия гуманитарных наукProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Humanitarian Series2524-23692524-2377The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"vestih-412Research ArticleИСТОРИЯHISTORYОТДЕЛЬНЫЙ ФИНЛЯНДСКИЙ КОРПУС РОССИЙСКОЙ АРМИИ (1815–1831 гг.)THE FINNISH DETACHED CORPS OF THE RUSSIAN ARMY (1815–1831)НекрашевичФ. А.NekrashevichP. A.

магистр исторических наук, аспирант

пр. Независимости 4, 220030

MA (Hist.), Postgraduate Student

4 Independence Ave, 220030

davou@mail.ruБелорусский государственный университет, МинскBelarusian State University, Minsk201710122017046064Copyright © Некрашевич Ф.А., 20172017Некрашевич Ф.А.Nekrashevich P.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestihum.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/412

Статья посвящена формированиям российской армии, дислоцированным на территории Великого княжества Финляндского в 1815–1831 гг. Для российского правительства армия выступала в роли важнейшего инструмента по поддержанию целостности империи. С помощью армии российские власти стремились не только не допустить вторжения в страну шведской армии, но и контролировать политическую жизнь самого Великого княжества Финляндского. Это достигалось путем соединения административной (генерал-губернатор) и военной власти (командир Отдельного Финляндского корпуса) в руках одного человека. Благодаря подобной системе в Великом княжестве Финляндском местные жители пользовались широкой автономией, однако при этом находились под постоянным контролем генерал-губернатора. Реформирование Отдельного Финляндского корпуса было связано отсутствием военной угрозы со стороны Королевства Швеции, а также лояльностью самих финнов к российской администрации. Тем не менее на протяжении последующих трех десятилетий генерал-губернатор продолжал пользоваться правами командира Отдельного корпуса в политических целях. 

The article is devoted to the military formations of the Russian army that were located in the territory of Grand Duchy of Finland in 1815–1835. The Army was a very important tool for the consolidation of the Russian Empire. With the help of this instrument, Russian authorities sought to prevent invasion of the Swedish army and control political life of Grand Duchy of Finland. This was achieved by combining the administrative (Governor-General) and military power (the Detached Corps of Finland) in the hands of one person. Owing to this system, Finns enjoyed autonomy, but at the same time were subject to continuing control of the Governor-General. The disbandment of the Detached Corps of Finland was caused by the absence of a military threat from the Kingdom of Sweden, as well as by the loyalty of the Finns themselves to the Russian administration. However, the Governor-general continued to use the power of the Commander of the Detached Corps for political purposes. 

Финляндияроссийская армияавтономияОтдельные корпусафинские войскаFinlandRussian armyautonomyIndependent corpsesFinnish troopsReferencesBalandin S. G., Gosudarstvenno-pravovove polozhenie Velikogo kniazhestva Finliandskogo v sostave Rossiiskoi imperii [State-legal status of the Grand Duchy of Finland in the Russian Empire], Moscow State Law Academy, Moscow, RU, 2012.Balandin S. G., Gosudarstvenno-pravovove polozhenie Velikogo kniazhestva Finliandskogo v sostave Rossiiskoi imperii [State-legal status of the Grand Duchy of Finland in the Russian Empire], Moscow State Law Academy, Moscow, RU, 2012.Viskovatov A. V., Istoricheskoe opisanie odezhdy i vooruzheniia rossiiskikh voisk [The historical description of clothing and weapons of Russian troops], Quartermaster Directorate, Saint-Petersburg, Ru, 1900.Viskovatov A. V., Istoricheskoe opisanie odezhdy i vooruzheniia rossiiskikh voisk [The historical description of clothing and weapons of Russian troops], Quartermaster Directorate, Saint-Petersburg, Ru, 1900.Elenev F. P., “The doctrine of the Finnish state”, Russkaia Starina [Russian old], 1878, vol. 78, no. 5, pp. 255–322.Elenev F. P., “The doctrine of the Finnish state”, Russkaia Starina [Russian old], 1878, vol. 78, no. 5, pp. 255–322.Kukharuk A. V., “Reform of the army by the government of Nicholas I in 1830th”, Russkii Sbornik: issledovaniia po istorii Rossii [Russian collection: Research on Russian history], Moscow, RU, 2009, vol. 7, pp. 191–205.Kukharuk A. V., “Reform of the army by the government of Nicholas I in 1830th”, Russkii Sbornik: issledovaniia po istorii Rossii [Russian collection: Research on Russian history], Moscow, RU, 2009, vol. 7, pp. 191–205.Lapin V., “The army of the empire – the empire in the army: the organization and recruitment of the armed forces of Russia in the XVI – early XX centuries”, Ab Imperio, 2001, no. 4, pp. 109–140.Lapin V., “The army of the empire – the empire in the army: the organization and recruitment of the armed forces of Russia in the XVI – early XX centuries”, Ab Imperio, 2001, no. 4, pp. 109–140.Luntinen P., “Military organizations of Finland in the system of the armed forces of the Russian Empire”, Novaia i Noveishaia istoriia [Modern and Contemporary History], 2002, no. 5, pp. 107–115.Luntinen P., “Military organizations of Finland in the system of the armed forces of the Russian Empire”, Novaia i Noveishaia istoriia [Modern and Contemporary History], 2002, no. 5, pp. 107–115.Nezemann F., “From the conquest to the autonomy: political and state-legal reasons for the special position of Finland in the Russian Empire”, Russkii Sbornik: issledovaniia po istorii Rossii [Russian collection: Research on Russian history], 2015, vol. 16, pp. 113–143.Nezemann F., “From the conquest to the autonomy: political and state-legal reasons for the special position of Finland in the Russian Empire”, Russkii Sbornik: issledovaniia po istorii Rossii [Russian collection: Research on Russian history], 2015, vol. 16, pp. 113–143.Bezotosnyi D., Otechestvennaia voina 1812 goda [The War of 1812], ROSSPEN, Moscow, RU, 2004.Bezotosnyi D., Otechestvennaia voina 1812 goda [The War of 1812], ROSSPEN, Moscow, RU, 2004.Polnoe sobranie zakonov Rossiiskoi imperii. Sobranie 1 [Complete Collection of Laws of the Russian Empire. Collection 1], 1830–1851, vol. 1–45, Typography of II Branch of His Imperial Majesty’s Own Chancellery, Saint-Petersburg, Ru.Polnoe sobranie zakonov Rossiiskoi imperii. Sobranie 1 [Complete Collection of Laws of the Russian Empire. Collection 1], 1830–1851, vol. 1–45, Typography of II Branch of His Imperial Majesty’s Own Chancellery, Saint-Petersburg, Ru.Polnoe sobranie zakonov Rossiiskoi imperii. Sobranie 2 [Complete Collection of Laws of the Russian Empire. Collection 2], 1830–1884, vol. 1–55, Typography of II Branch of His Imperial Majesty’s Own Chancellery, Saint-Petersburg, Ru.Polnoe sobranie zakonov Rossiiskoi imperii. Sobranie 2 [Complete Collection of Laws of the Russian Empire. Collection 2], 1830–1884, vol. 1–55, Typography of II Branch of His Imperial Majesty’s Own Chancellery, Saint-Petersburg, Ru.Spisok generalam, shtab- i ober-oficeram vsei Rossiiskoi Imperatorskoi armii, s pokazaniem chinov, familii i znakov otlichiia [List of generals, staff and senior officers of the Russian Imperial Army, with rank indication, names and insignia], Tipografija Glavnogo Schtaba, Saint-Petersburg, Ru, 1828.Spisok generalam, shtab- i ober-oficeram vsei Rossiiskoi Imperatorskoi armii, s pokazaniem chinov, familii i znakov otlichiia [List of generals, staff and senior officers of the Russian Imperial Army, with rank indication, names and insignia], Tipografija Glavnogo Schtaba, Saint-Petersburg, Ru, 1828.Danilov N. A., “Historical Sketch of the military administration in Russia”, Stoletie voennogo ministerstva. 1802–1902 [Century of the Military Ministry. 1802–1902], 1902, vol. 1.Danilov N. A., “Historical Sketch of the military administration in Russia”, Stoletie voennogo ministerstva. 1802–1902 [Century of the Military Ministry. 1802–1902], 1902, vol. 1.Elgström O., Images and Strategies for Autonomy: Explaining Swedish Security Policy Strategies in the 19th Century, Springer Science & Business Media, New York, US, 2000.Elgström O., Images and Strategies for Autonomy: Explaining Swedish Security Policy Strategies in the 19th Century, Springer Science & Business Media, New York, US, 2000.Kagan F. W., “Russian military reform in the age of Napoleon”, Reforming Tsars Army: military innovation in imperial Russia from Peter the Great to the Revolution, 2004, pp. 189–204.Kagan F. W., “Russian military reform in the age of Napoleon”, Reforming Tsars Army: military innovation in imperial Russia from Peter the Great to the Revolution, 2004, pp. 189–204.Luntinen P., The imperial Russian army and navy in Finland 1808–1918, SHS, Helsinki, FI, 1997.Luntinen P., The imperial Russian army and navy in Finland 1808–1918, SHS, Helsinki, FI, 1997.Minch-Petersen T., “The Policy of 1812: Swedish foreign policy from the Congress of Vienna to the outbreak of the Crimean War”, Northern Studies, 1996, no 31, pp. 37–55.Minch-Petersen T., “The Policy of 1812: Swedish foreign policy from the Congress of Vienna to the outbreak of the Crimean War”, Northern Studies, 1996, no 31, pp. 37–55.Screen J., The entry of Finnish officers into Russian military service 1809–1917, University of London, London, GB, 1976.Screen J., The entry of Finnish officers into Russian military service 1809–1917, University of London, London, GB, 1976.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.