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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestih</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия гуманитарных наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Humanitarian Series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2524-2369</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-2377</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/2524-2369-2020-65-3-298-306</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestih-780</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HISTORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Вышэйшыя  навучальныя  ўстановы  беларуска-літоўскіх  губерняў  у  сістэме  навуковай атэстацыі і падрыхтоўкі навуковых кадраў Расійскай імперыі (ХІХ – пачатак ХХ ст.)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Higher educational institutions of the Belarusian­Lithuanian provinces in the system of scientific certification and training of scientific personnel of the Russian Empire (XIX – early XX centuries)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новик</surname><given-names>Н. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novik</surname><given-names>N. Ya.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новик Наталия Евгеньевна – кандидат исторических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник.</p><p>ул. Академическая, 1, 220072, Минск</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natallia Ya. Novik – Ph. D. (Hist.), Leading Researcher.</p><p>1 Akademicheskaya Str., Minsk 220072</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">n.novik@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт истории, Национальная академия наук Беларуси</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of History of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>08</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>65</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>298</fpage><lpage>306</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Новик Н.Е., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Новик Н.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Novik N.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestihum.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/780">https://vestihum.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/780</self-uri><abstract><p>В первой половине XIX в. в систему научной аттестации, которая постепенно формировалась в Российской империи, входили существовавшие на территории белорусско­литовских губерний высшие учебные заведения. Обязанностью их профессорских коллегий являлась подготовка кадров для научно­исследовательской и научно­педагогической работы по фундаментальным естественным и гуманитарным наукам. Аттестация научных кадров предполагала наличие иерархии ученых степеней, состав которой фактически сводился к следующей схеме: «кандидат» – «магистр» – «доктор наук». На первом этапе (1803–1832 гг.) в рамках системы научной аттестации Российской империи действовали Виленский университет и Полоцкая иезуитская академия, обладавшие правом присуждать ученые степени. На втором этапе (1832–1864 гг.) авторитетными центрами подготовки научных кадров являлись созданные после закрытия Виленского университета специальные высшие учебные учреждения: Виленская медико­хирургическая академия, Виленская римско­католическая духовная академия. Весомый вклад в подготовку ученых­аграриев, развитие новых направлений аграрной науки внес Горы­Горецкий земледельческий институт, хотя он и не обладал правом присуждать ученые степени магистра и доктора. В целом роль высших учебных заведений белорусско­литовских губерний в системе научной аттестации Российской империи снизилась, поскольку на данном этапе они уже не могли осуществлять аттестацию по всей номенклатуре специальностей. На третьем этапе (1864–1917 гг.) подготовка профессиональных ученых на территории региона фактически не осуществлялась в условиях отсутствия высших учебных заведений. При этом стоит отметить вклад в формирование кадров в области специальных исторических наук, сделанный в начале XX в. Витебским отделением Московского археологического института.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The system of scientific certification, which was gradually formed in the Russian Empire in the first half of the 19th century, included higher educational institutions on the territory of the Belarusian­Lithuanian provinces: Vilnia University, Vilnia Medical and Surgical Academy, Polatsk Jesuit Academy, Vilnia Roman Catholic Academy. The training of scientific personnel in the natural sciences and humanities was the responsibility of the professorial colleges of these educational institutions, each of which was an independent certification center. The activities of these educational institutions within the framework of the system of scientific certification assumed the existence of a hierarchy of academic degrees, the composition of which was actually reduced to the following scheme: “candidate” – “master” – “doctor of sciences”. The most representative on the scientific and pedagogical weight and the number of professors and teachers was Vilnia University. The practice of defending of the dissertations by specialists from internal Russian provinces and from abroad in it evidenced of the high recognition of Vilna University. Vilnia University and the Vilnia Medical and Surgical Academy were well­known centers for the training of scientific personnel in the field of medical sciences. Under the academic jurisdiction of the Vilnia University, as well as the Polatsk Jesuit Academy, Vilna Roman Catholic Academy was theology. A significant contribution to the training of scientific personnel, the creation of new areas of agricultural science was made by the Hory­Horki Agricultural Institute, although it was not an independent center of scientific certification. After the closing of this institute, there were no higher educational institutions in Belarus capable of training specialists for scientific research, but at the beginning of the 20th century. a certain role in the formation of personnel in the field of special historical disciplines was played by the Vitsebsk branch of the Moscow Archaeological Institute.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>система образования в Беларуси</kwd><kwd>научная аттестация</kwd><kwd>университет</kwd><kwd>ученая степень</kwd><kwd>фундаментальные и прикладные науки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>educational system of Belarus</kwd><kwd>scientific certification</kwd><kwd>university</kwd><kwd>academic degree</kwd><kwd>fundamental and applied sciences</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Павлова, Г. Е. Организация науки в России в первой половине XIX в. / Г. 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