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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestih</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия гуманитарных наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Humanitarian Series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2524-2369</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-2377</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/2524-2369-2020-65-3-307-317</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestih-782</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HISTORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Роль органов губернской администрации в разрешении социальных проб­лем населения белорусских губерний (1861–1914 гг.)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Role of the institutions of provincial government in resolving social problems of the population of the Belarusian provinces (1861–1914)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Моторова</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Motorova</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Моторова Надежда Сергеевна – кандидат исторических наук, доцент.</p><p>ул. Красноармейская, 6, 220030, Минск</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nadezhda S. Motorova – Ph. D. (Hist.), Associate Professor.</p><p>6 Krasnoarmeyskaya Str., Minsk 220030</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">motorova@ro.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белорусский государственный университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belarusian State University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>08</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>65</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>307</fpage><lpage>317</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Моторова Н.С., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Моторова Н.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Motorova N.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestihum.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/782">https://vestihum.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/782</self-uri><abstract><p>Характеризуются структура и полномочия органов губернского управления в реализации основных направлений государственной социальной политики. Отмечается, что на территории Беларуси они играли основную роль в решении социальных проблем населения в связи с отсутствием земств. Повышению эффективности их деятельности препятствовали устаревшая правовая база и отсутствие четкого разграничения функций.</p><sec><title>В середине 1880­х гг</title><p>В середине 1880­х гг. в структуре губернских учреждений были созданы распорядительные комитеты. На территории белорусских губерний они играли важную роль в реализации социальной политики, поскольку контролировали финансирование сельско­врачебной части и частично общественного призрения. Однако опыт деятельности распорядительных комитетов оказался неудовлетворительным. В этой связи МВД в конце XIX в. предложило ликвидировать их, а также упразднить губернские комиссии народного продовольствия и приказы общественного призрения. Их функции планировалось передать органам земского самоуправления. Это предложение было реализовано частично в результате введения в1903 г. в Витебской, Минской и Могилевской губерниях управлений по делам земского хозяйства.</p></sec><sec><title>В конце XIX в</title><p>В конце XIX в. в структуре губернской администрации Беларуси были созданы присутствия, на которые возлагались функции по контролю за соблюдением рабочего законодательства, а затем и страхования рабочих. Они формировались под влиянием новых социальных запросов и в большей степени соответствовали новым социально­ экономическим условиям в отличие от губернских учреждений, которые заведовали организацией общественного призрения, народного продовольствия, здравоохранения.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article describes the structure and powers of the provincial government in the implementation of the main directions of state social policy. It was noted that on theterritoryofBelarusthey played a major role in solving the social problems of the population due to the lack of zemstvos. The outdated legal framework and the lack of a clear division of functions hampered their effectiveness.</p><p>In the mid 1880s regulatory committees were established in the structure of the provincial institutions. On the territory of the Belarusian provinces they played an important role in the implementation of social policy, as they controlled the financing of the rural­medical part and partly public charity. However, the experience of the activities of the regulatory committees was unsatisfactory. In this regard, at the end of the XIX century the Interior Ministry proposed to eliminate them, as well as to abolish the provincial food commissions and departments of public charity. It was planned to transfer their functions to the zemstvos. This proposal was implemented partially, as a result of the introduction of the institutions of local economy in theVitebsk,MinskandMogilevprovinces in 1903.</p><p>At the end of the XIX century in the structure of the provincial administration ofBelaruswere created the offices which were entrusted with the functions of monitoring compliance with the workers’ legislation, and then the insurance of workers. They were formed under the influence of new social demands. These offices corresponded to new social and economic conditions, in contrast to the provincial institutions, which managed public charity, national food and health care.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>социальная политика</kwd><kwd>органы губернского управления</kwd><kwd>белорусские губернии</kwd><kwd>структура</kwd><kwd>полномочия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>social policy</kwd><kwd>institutions of provincial government</kwd><kwd>Belarusian provinces</kwd><kwd>structure</kwd><kwd>powers</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Анучин, Е. Н. Исторический обзор развития административно­полицейских учреждений в России, в Учреждениях о губерниях 1775 г. до последнего времени / Е. Н. Анучин. – СПб. : Тип. М­ва внутр. дел, 1872. – VI, IV, 238 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Anuchin E. 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