The autobiographical novel-essay “Mezha” by the modern Belarusian writer Andrei Fedorenko is investigated. The stages, functional components, different-level socio-cultural contexts, the general structure of the processes of personality socialization and the formation of a creative individuality, which are reflected in the literary text, are determined. The increased relevance of autobiographical prose is substantiated in connection with the processes of world globalization and industrialization of modern society, the main target of which is the younger generation. The general role of fiction as a socio-cultural practice, contributing to the development of cultural competence, social adaptation and productive socialization of the individual, is analyzed, since the fundamental civilizational values and their semantic models are codified and transmitted in society to a large extent with the help of such phenomena as text and books. It is revealed that the autobiographical work of A. Fedorenko psychologically reliably reflects the content of socialization – a kind of convention between a person and society, a two-way process of an individual’s assimilation of social norms and cultural values and their creative reproduction. It is argued that the novel-essay “Mezha” has a high socializing potential, is an effective catalyst for the reflexive activity of the reader, a stimulator of creative thinking, an indirect way of comprehending the norms and rules of social and social life.