Financial activity in the neoclassical theory of finance

. The article reveals the concept of financial activity in the context of the neoclassical theory of finance. The author proposes his vision of this activity on the basis of the economic concept of finance. According to this concept, financial activity refers to economic (business) activity, in connection with which the author identifies the signs of the latter. In conclusion it is argued that it is the activity for management of property condition of its subject. Continuing the thought from the general to the particular, the author comes to the conclusion that financial activity is the activity of managing the monetary (financial) condition of its subject, including the management of financial property (conducting financial transactions) and financial risk management. At the same time, the author compares the obtained scientific results with the known conceptual provisions on financial activity. An explanation of financial transactions is given, by which it is proposed to understand the actions of an economic entity leading to the desired change in its financial assets and (or) financial debts. It is noted that financial activity is inseparably connected with financial services. It is divided into types like economy; therefore, it can be public and private. The justification of private financial activities outside fiscal relations is given.

1. Chernjaeva I. V. Modern Theory of Finance and the Effectiveness of Reproductive Processes. Finansy i kredit [Finance and Credit], 2008, no. 32, pp. 40-45 (in Russian).

2. Levchaev P. A. Organization’s Finances. Moscow, INFRA-M Publ., 2023. 386 p. (in Russian).

3. Gevorkjan M. V. Constitutional and Legal Foundations of Economic Activity in the Russian Federation. Ph. D. leg. sci. diss. Moscow, 2012. 33 p.

4. Shuvalov I. I. Concept of Economic Activity in Modern Russian Law. Lex russica [Russian Law], 2020, no. 6, pp. 61-67 (in Russian).

5. Savenko N. E. Economic Activity: Concept, Essence and Features in the Context of Law and Economics. Vlast’ Zakona [The Rule of Law], 2022, no. 4, pp. 124-139 (in Russian).

6. Belyh S. V. Economic Activity as a Constitutional and Legal Category: Concept, Signs. Biznes, menedzhment i parvo [Business, Management and Law], 2021, no. 3, pp. 44-47 (in Russian).

7. Laptev V. V., Zankovskii S. S. Business Law. Moscow, Volters Kluver Publ., 2006. 560 p. (in Russian).

8. Strazhev V. I. Economic Activity, its Structure and Content as an Object of Accounting and Analysis. Buhgalterskij uchet i analiz [Accounting and Analysis], 2015, no. 4, pp. 42-45 (in Russian).

9. Chastnov K. S., Kaleev N. V. Concept of “Economic Activity”. Baltijskij gumanitarnyj zhurnal [Baltic Humanitarian Journal], 2016, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 282-284 (in Russian).

10. Business Law. Minsk, BSU Publ., 2022. 197 p. (in Russian).

11. Konanevich Ju. G. Public Economic Activity as a Type of Economic Activity. Sacyjal’na-jekanamіchnyja і pravavyja dasledavannі [Socio-Economic and Legal Studies], 2023, no. 2, pp. 73-83 (in Russian).

12. Leont’ev A. N. Activity. Conscience. Personality. Moscow, Smysl Publ., Akademija Publ., 2004. 352 p. (in Russian).

13. Davydov V. V. The Content and Unsolved Problems of Activity Theory // Perspectives on Activity Theory. Ed. by Y. Engeström, R. Miettinen, R. Punamäki. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1999, pp. 39-52.

14. Nikiforov A. L. Activity, Behavior, Creativity. Activity: Theories, Methodology, Problems. Moscow, Politizdat Publ., 1990, pp. 52-69 (in Russian).

15. Weber M. Economy and Society: Essays on Understanding Sociology. Vol. II. Generalities. Moscow, Izd. dom Vysshej shkoly jekonomiki Publ., 2017. 429 p. (in Russian).

16. . Bulgakov S. N. Philosophy of the Economy. Moscow, Institut russkoj civilizacii Publ., 2009. 464 p. (in Russian).

17. Shhedrovickij G. P. Initial Representations and Categorical Means of Activity Theory. Shhedrovickij G. P. Selected Works. Moscow, Shkola kul’turnoi politiki, 1995, pp. 233-280 (in Russian).

18. Kotarbinskij T. Treatise on Good Work. Moscow, Jekonomika Publ., 1975. 271 p. (in Russian).

19. Leiashvili P. Economic Activity: Teleological Analysis. Tbilisi, Siahle Publ., 2011. 194 p. (in Russian).

20. Ruchkina G. F. From Entrepreneurial Law to Economic Law. Gosudarstvo i parvo [State and Law], 2012, no. 2, pp. 118-122 (in Russian).

21. Zapol’skij S. V. Theory of Financial Law: Scientific Essays. Moscow, RAP Publ., 2010. 371 p. (in Russian).

22. Gracheva E. Yu. Financial Activity and Financial Control in the Social Management System. Finansovoe pravo [Financial Law], 2003, no. 2, pp. 8-12 (in Russian).

23. Sokolova E. D. Financial Law. Moscow, Prospekt Publ., 2019. 592 p. (in Russian).

24. Popondopulo V. F. Financial Law: Concept, Nature, Sources. Finansovoe parvo [Financial Law], 2020, no. 1, pp. 8-14 (in Russian).

25. Gurvich M. A. Soviet Financial Law. Moscow, Gosyurizdat Publ., 1952. 324 p. (in Russian).

26. Rovinskii E. A. Basics of the Theory of Soviet Financial Law. Moscow, Norma Publ., INFRA-M Publ., 2018. 176 p. (in Russian).

27. Konanevich Yu. A Concept of Financial Law. Saarbrücken, LAP LambertAcademic Publishing, 2016. 268 p. (in Russian).

28. Barulin S. V. Finance. Moscow, KNORUS Publ., 2015. 640 p. (in Russian).

29. Sabitova N. M. Financial Risks and Financial Activities of Public Legal Entities. Finansy i kredit [Finance and Credit], 2018, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 565-578 (in Russian).

30. Kudryashova E. V. The Right to Risk as a Limiter of Public Law Regulation of Financial Relations. Finansovoe parvo [Financial Law], 2020, no. 2, pp. 8-11 (in Russian).

31. Bondarenko N. L., Konanevich Yu. G., Gladkaya E. N. On the Issue of Institutionalization of Fiscal Law. Baikal Comparative Readings, Materials of the International Scientific and Practical Conference. Irkutsk, BSU Publ., 2022, pp. 173-182 (in Russian).