HUNNISH FACTOR IN THE ETHNIC AND POLITICAL PROCESSES IN EUROPE IN 4th–6th CENTURIES A. D.
Abstract
The article explores the Hunnish influence on the ethnical and political processes in Europe between the 4th and 6th centuries A. D. It was the Huns whose active actions significantly changed the interaction between the Romans and barbarians. The barbarian peoples turned from aggressive raids to the intensive colonization of the Roman territories and creation of their own states. As a result, the Western Roman Empire was destroyed. And during the processes of the Great Resettlement of the Peoples caused by the Huns, the barbarians had either formed new centers of ethnical and political development by the end the 6th century or laid the base for a new ethnical and political map of Europe. The disintegration of the Hunnish nomadic state took place in the middle of the 5th century A. D. As a result of the interethnic interaction, the Huns had merged with other peoples or dissolved in the Byzantine population by the end of the 6th century A. D. The Avars came to Europe in the second part of the 6th century A. D. and established there a new nomadic state by the end of the century. The Hunnish success and activity were rooted in their ethnical stereotype of behaviour. This stereotype continued to be ethnically and politically relevant for the peoples closely connected with the Huns including nomads.
About the Author
V. V. Grigoriev
Belarusian State Museum of the History of the Great Patriotic War
Belarus
Scientific Researcher, Military and Battlefield History Department
Belarus
Scientific Researcher, Military and Battlefield History Department
References
1. Ammian Martsellin, Rimskaia istoriia [Roman History], Translated by Kulakovskii Iu. A., Sonni A. I., AST, Ladomir, Moscow, RU, 2005.
2. Zosim, Novaia istoriia [New History], Translated by Bolgov N. N., Belgorod State University, Belgorod, RU, 2010.
3. Feofan Vizantiets, Letopis' ot Diokletiana do tsarei Mikhaila i syna ego Feofilakta [Chronicles from Diocletian to Tsar Michael and His Son Theophylact], Prisk Paniiskii, Skazaniia Priska Paniiskogo [Writings by Priscus of Panium], Aleksandriia, Riazan', RU, 2005.
4. Iordan, O proiskhozhdenii i deianiiakh getov: Getica [About the Origins and Deeds of the Getae: Getica], Translated by Skrzhinskaia E. Ch., Izdatel’stvo vostochnoi literatury, Moscow, RU, 1960, (Pamiatniki srednevekovoi istorii narodov Tsentral'noi i Vostochnoi Evropy).
5. Prokopii iz Kesarii, Voina s gotami [The War against the Goths], Translated by Kondrat'ev S. P., Izdatel’stvo Akademii nauk SSSR, Moscow, RU, 1950.
6. Musset L., Varvarskie nashestviia na Evropu: germanskii natisk [The Barbarian Invasions in Europe: the German Onslaught], Translated by Sanina A. P., Eurasia, St. Petersburg, RU, 2006.
7. Korsunskii A. R., Giunter R., Upadok i gibel’ Zapadnoi Rimskoi imperii i vozniknovenie germanskikh korolevstv (do serediny VI v.) [The Fall and Death of the Western Roman Empire and the Emergence of the Germanic Kingdoms (up to the middle of the 6th Cent)], Moscow State University, Moscow, RU, 1984.
8. Jones G., Vikingi. Potomki Odina i Tora [The Wikings. The Descendants of Odin and Tor], Translated by Metlitskaia Z. Iu., Tsentrpoligraf, Moscow, RU, 2007.
9. Thompson E. A., Gunny. Groznye voiny stepei [The Huns. The Formidable Warriors of the Steppes], Translated by Igorevskii L. A., Tsentrpoligraf, Moscow, RU, 2008.
10. Gimbutas M., The Balts, Thames and Hudson, London, GB, 1963.
11. Maenchen-Helfen O. J., The World of the Huns: Studies in Their History and Culture, University of California Press, Berkeley, Los Angeles, London, US, GB, 1973, XXIX.
12. Altheim F., Gobl R., Haussig H-W., Stiehl R., Trautmann-Nehring E., Geschichte der Hunnen: [Bd.] 1: Von den Anfangen bis zum Einbruch in Europa. 2., durchgesehene Auflage, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, DE, 1969.
13. Stickler T., Die Hunnen, C. H. Beck, Munchen, DE, 2007.
14. Gumilev L. N., Istoriia naroda khunnu. Kn. 2 [The History of the Hunnu People, Vol. 2], in Kurkchi A. I. (ed.), Institute DI-DIK, Moscow, RU, 1998.
15. Shuvalov P. V., “Attila’s Infirmity (the Hunnish Ruler through the Eyes of the Germans)”, in Shukurov R. M. (ed.), Chuzhoe: opyty preodoleniia. Ocherki iz istorii kul’tury Sredizemnomor’ia [The Alien: The Experiences of Overcoming. The Essays from the History of the Mediterranean Culture], Moscow, 1999, pp. 259–276.
16. Shuvalov P. V., “At the Origins of the Middle Ages: Attila’s Court”, Problemy sotsial’noi istorii i kul’tury srednikh vekov i rannego novogo vremeni: mezhvuzovskii sbornik [The Problems of the Social History and Culture of the Middle Ages and Early Modern Period: Interuniversity Collection], St. Petersburg, 2001, vol. 3, pp. 130–145.
17. Petrukhin V. Ia., Raevskii D. S., Ocherki istorii narodov Rossii v drevnosti i rannem srednevekov’e [The Essays on the History of the Peoples of Russia in the Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages], Znak, Moscow, RU, 2004.
18. Budanova V. P., Gorskii A. A., Ermolova I. E., Velikoe pereselenie narodov : etnopoliticheskie i sotsial’nye aspekty [The Great Resettlement of the Peoples : Ethno-political and Social Aspects], Aleteiia, St. Petersburg, RU, 2011.
19. Smirnova E. D., Sushkevich L. P., Fedosik V. A., Srednevekovyi mir v terminakh, imenakh i nazvaniiah: slovar’-spravochnik [The Medieval World in Terms, Names and Titles: A Dictionary and Handbook], in Fedosik V. A., Smirnova E. D. (ed.), Belarus’, Minsk, BY, 2001.
20. Rassadin S. E., Pervye slaviane. Slavianogenez [The First Slavs. The Slavic Genesis], Belorusskii Ekzarkhat, Minsk, BY, 2008.
21. Bialova T. U. (ed.), Arkhealogіia Belarusі: entsykl. T. 1. А–К [The Archaeology of Belarus: An Encyclopedia, Vol. 1. А–К], Belaruskaia entsyklapedyia іmia P. Broўkі, Minsk, BY, 2009.
Review
Views: 695
Email this article 