THE VERBAL ASPECT AND THE MANNERS OF VERBAL ACTION IN THE RUSSIAN AND GERMAN LANGUAGES

Despite detailed consideration of the verbal aspect in contemporary grammars the issue of the categorical matter of the verbal aspect and the related manners of verbal action is still considered one of the most difficult in linguistics. The aim of the article is to find out and to analyse the main approaches to the definition of the categorical essence of the verbal aspect and the related manners of verbal action as the main components of the functional-semantic field of aspectuality as a single basis for comparing non-related Russian and German languages. The methodological basis of the research is works by outstanding home and foreign Slavists and Germanists in the field of aspectology. As actual material of our article we have used the verbs of parallel texts of Russian literature in translation into the German language. The main methods employed in the research are descriptive, comparative, analytical methods and elements of quantitative calculations. The article discusses and compares the main approaches to the definition of categories of the verbal aspect and the manners of verbal action in the Russian and German languages, it identifies and analyses the contents and the dominant means of expression of these categories, establishes their relationship. The analysis of different author’s concepts and approaches to the definition of essence and the semantics of the categories of the verbal aspect and the manners of verbal action in the compared languages leads to the conclusion that different perceptions of these categories contribute to their convergence towards a more specific definition of their semantics and functions.

aspectuality, aspect, manners of verbal action, comparative study, complex approach, semantics, means of representation

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