The article analyzes the results and achievements of scholars the Department of Humanities and Arts of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus in 2021–2024. The work denotes unparalleled and the most important fundamental studies that reveal rich historical, cultural and spiritual heritage of Belarusian people. Authors also show the place and the role of social and humanitarian sciences in Belarusian society.

The work stresses that the main objective of the research of scholars­humanists is not only the defence of the historical legitimacy of the Belarusian statehood and national­state interests of the Republic of Belarus in the world community, but also the preservation of the spiritual, material, historical and cultural values of Belarusian people and the strengthening of both: the country’s international prestige and Belarusian humanitarian science.

And finally, the paper presents quantitative results of the research and the most significant practical achievements of scholars accomplished in the recent years. Promising directions of scientific research in the social and humanitarian sciences are outlined.

In the context of the formation of a polycentric world order, increasing military and forceful pressure on sove­ reign states from Western civilization, the priority task is to ensure national security and state defense. The complication of the geopolitical situation around the country required clarification of the Concept and Military doctrine of the Republic of Bela­ rus. Understanding the essential content of Military doctrine is the key to successfully solving problems in the military sphere of national security. The philosophical and methodological foundations of the Military doctrine are shown. Its structure and main features are highlighted, and an analysis of a number of provisions of the Military doctrine as the core of the military policy of Belarus is carried out. The military doctrine contains a coordinated system of measures to ensure the military security and defense of the country. It has a clear practical and predictive orientation in the context of the transformation of the sphere of national security and its military component. Military doctrine is the philosophy of the military sphere of national security. It is concluded that the Military doctrine coordinates measures of a military­political, military­strategic, military­ economic nature taken by state authorities and administration in the interests of peace and security on Belarusian soil. Due to the fact that the Military doctrine contains the main philosophical and ideological guidelines for ensuring military security and state defense, it is advisable to study it in the system of ideological work and the educational process.

This article examines how the debate over KK principle (Knowing that One Knows) introduces the notion of knowledge orders into epistemology, which standardly involves a division into first­ and second­order knowledge. The uncritical understanding of knowledge orders leads to their naive ontologization, which has negative theoretical and practical consequences. One such consequence is the problem of proliferating orders of knowledge, which consists in the fact that if knowledge of a lower order always corresponds to knowledge of a higher order, it is not clear what order is needed to possess first­order knowledge. As a solution, it is proposed to understand knowledge orders as a nominal designation related to the evaluation of the position of knowledge in epistemic history (as this concept is understood by Alvin Goldman).

The term – passport book of the Russian Empire, issued in 1913 for identity verification and movement within the country, is introduced into the scientific turnover. The peculiarity of the document is the presence of stamp impressions on the crossing of the state borders, as well as stamps confirming the fact of recognition of the examined specimen on a par with the state specimens of the country that confirmed its validity.

Examination of the document and the holder’s data, as well as stamp impressions proving the crossing of state borders at certain areas, was carried out. During the examination Regula document verification devices of the training and material base of the Institute of Border Guard Service of the Republic of Belarus were used. On the basis of the obtained data, the most probable travelling routes of a person with a document of a state considered non­existent at the moment of crossing the state borders were constructed.

The examination of the specimen of the internal document of the Russian Empire provided in the article, made it possible to study the peculiarities of the organization of border control at certain areas of the state borders of Great Britain, Germany and Poland in the 20s of the 20th century.

The article is devoted to the problem of translating the philosophical ideas of Immanuel Kant into music; the object of the study is the organ suite “Immanuel Kant” by V. Gorochnaya. This work is being introduced into a scientific context for the first time. On the basis of the connection with philosophy existing in musical art, both in general and direct manifestations, the specificity of the means of musical embodiment of the leading concepts of the great German philosopher, such as “the thing in itself”, “categorical imperative”, “absolutely necessary being”, etc., is considered. The features of the formation, the stylistic orientation of the composition, as well as various means of musical language are revealed, indicating a close relationship with the content components of the main ideas of the philosophy of Immanuel Kant, which allows us to consider the work under study as a musical offering to the great philosopher.

This article is devoted to the concept of national identity, developed by the Belarusian writer and philosopher A. Adamovich in his story “Venus, or how i was a slave owner”.

The introduction of the work is devoted to the theoretical development of the conceptual apparatus of the study: establishing the exact meaning of the terms “concept”, “conception”, “conceptuality”. Based on the works of well­known Belarusian and foreign, the author builds a logical chain of communication between these terms, suitable for practical use in the study of the concept sphere of fictional prose works.

The main part of the article is devoted to the peculiarities of the functioning of the concept of national identity as an ideological and philosophical dominant of the story under study. The author considers it as a complex­structured system of concepts formed from content­axiological dominants. The author notes that A. Adamovich pays special attention to the spiritual component of the life of the Belarusian people, and also focuses on its both heroic and tragic fate. A separate place in the disclosure of the concept of national identity is occupied by the concepts of repression and war, as they have left a serious imprint on the collective self­consciousness of the people. Due to such structuredness, versatility and universalism of the concept sphere, A. Adamovich managed to create a vivid and original portrait of Belarusians in the first half of the 20th century.

The article is devoted to the consideration of the state of legal science and the main directions of its development at the present stage. Attention is emphasized on the availability of scientific potential capable of making the national legal system even more effective, combining the account of achievements of foreign science and its own national interests. The importance of legal monitoring and assessment of the regulatory impact of legal norms as the most important tools to improve the rule­making and law enforcement activities was emphasized. Attention is paid to the necessity of further combination of achievements of law, sociology, social psychology for the development of such direction as riskology. Interdisciplinary interrelations between natural, exact and humanitarian­social sciences could create a basis for the development of legal futurology. It is emphasized that the legal science is involved in the realization of several functions: rule­making (the principle of scientificity is envisaged as one of the bases of the rule­making process), ideological (legal ideology is the core of the ideo­ logy of the Belarusian state), upbringing and educational. The combination of these functions is of great importance for the state.