ФИЛОСОФИЯ И СОЦИОЛОГИЯ
The article deals with the specificity of the research activity of women – scientists, determined by the gender role of women in the framework of the methodological approach – structural functionalism. Proceeding from the necessity of combining conjugal, maternal and professional roles, strategies for the professionalization of a woman-scientist are represented. The influence of marriage and motherhood on the research activity of women is analyzed based on the results of a sociological research conducted in 2017 among women-scientists of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Based on the analysis of the sociological research data, it is concluded that the importance of the family and the scientific career for women-researchers depends on age, academic degree and position. For women-researchers, both traditional family values and values of professional self-realization and economic independence are highly valued. Generally satisfied with family status and combining personal life and professional activity, almost one in five women has trouble in combining research and family life. “Double burden” as a factor that reduces the effectiveness of women’s scientific activity, together with the high importance of the profession and family for a woman is a premise for the “role conflict of a working woman”. Gender stereotypes, which often reflect the real situation in the everyday practices of women, influence the scientific activity of women-researchers.
ИСТОРИЯ
ЯЗЫКОЗНАНИЕ
ИСКУССТВОВЕДЕНИЕ, ЭТНОГРАФИЯ, ФОЛЬКЛОР
ЛИТЕРАТУРОВЕДЕНИЕ
ПРАВО
ЭКОНОМИКА
Taking into consideration modern conditions of world economic development the evaluation of effectiveness of clusters, including the services sector, becomes very important. In this paper the technique of full assessment of the medical cluster can be found, including the rationale underlying the seven indicators that characterize economic processes in the cluster. All indicators are combined into blocks: the block assessments of the scale of the cluster, allowing to evaluate the performance of the cluster, is not in isolation but in conjunction with those processes that occur in the health system of the country; unit innovative activities of the cluster; the evaluation unit export capacity. The proposed integrated assessment of indicators gives the opportunity to bring all indicators to a common complex, calculated as the sum of the weighted coefficients of different directions of activity of the medical cluster; indicators of methodology are useful for assessing the effects of cluster activities for the state, businesses and consumers. The application of such methods in practice will allow to monitor the cluster operation, to review economic processes in dynamics and interrelation; to prevent negative trends that may occur in exports of services in the cluster and to take in due time meaningful steps to eliminate it; take into account the forecasts of development of medical clusters in medium and long term; the technique can be the basis for calculating the economic efficiency of the clusters created in the services sector in the Republic of Belarus and abroad.
ISSN 2524-2377 (Online)